汉代多豪族,恩深益骄逸。
走马踏杀人,街吏不敢诘。
红楼宴青春,数里望云蔚。
金缸焰胜昼,不畏落晖疾。
美人尽如月,南威莫能匹。
芙蓉自天来,不向水中出。
飞琼奏云和,碧箫吹凤质。
唯恨鲁阳死,无人驻白日。
花树出墙头,花里谁家楼。
一行书不读,身封万户侯。
美人楼上歌,不是古凉州。
聂夷中,字坦之,河东人。咸通十二年登第,官华阴尉。诗一卷。
诗词《公子行二首》描述了一个豪族公子的生活和命运。作者通过描绘公子的奢华生活和优越地位以及公子所面临的困境,表达了对权贵世家的批判和思考。
诗意方面,诗中描述了这个公子的恩宠深厚,以至于他行走在街上马踏杀人,街吏都不敢追究。公子参加红楼宴会时,从几里外望着宴会场地上的云,屋顶上金缸中的火焰胜过了白天的阳光,显示出公子们的富贵和奢华。诗中还描绘了美人如月的形象,但却没有任何人能够与她相媲美。然而,公子的命运却注定了他成为万户侯,注定了他无法享受到自由的生活。
从赏析角度来看,诗人聂夷中通过这首诗抨击和批判了权贵世家的虚华和堕落。他通过描绘公子奢华的生活和命运的变故,暗示了权贵世家的腐败和不可持续。整首诗情感曲折,画面感强烈,通过对奢华和堕落的描绘,传达出对社会现实的反思和对人性的警示。
译文如下:
《公子行二首》
汉代多豪族,恩深益骄逸。
In the Han Dynasty, there were many aristocratic families, who were arrogant and indulgent due to the deep favor they received.
走马踏杀人,街吏不敢诘。
Riding horses, they trampled upon people's lives, and even the street officials dared not question them.
红楼宴青春,数里望云蔚。
They indulged in luxurious banquets, enjoying their youth, gazing at the distant clouds from miles away.
金缸焰胜昼,不畏落晖疾。
The flames in the golden jars were brighter than the daylight, showing no fear of the passing time.
美人尽如月,南威莫能匹。
The beauties were as beautiful as the moon, and no one in the south could match them.
芙蓉自天来,不向水中出。
The lotus flowers came from heaven and did not bloom in the water.
飞琼奏云和,碧箫吹凤质。
The flying jade and the azure flute played melodious music, producing sounds like phoenix's voice.
唯恨鲁阳死,无人驻白日。
Only lamenting the death of Lu Yang, as no one could stop the passage of time.
花树出墙头,花里谁家楼。
Flowers and trees bloomed outside the walls, but whose house was hiding inside the flowers?
一行书不读,身封万户侯。
Ignoring books and knowledge, they were ennobled with countless households.
美人楼上歌,不是古凉州。
The beauty on the tower was singing, but it was not the ancient Liangzhou.
整首诗揭示了世人对权贵世家的怀疑和批判。诗人以生动的语言描绘了公子们奢华的生活和高贵的地位,但同时也透露出他们的虚荣和境遇的困境。这首诗具有强烈的社会批判意义,通过对权贵世家的揭示和反思,思考了权力背后的困境和人性的弱点。
七盘一何高,苍翠净寥廊。夜雨濯杉桧,春风散芝药。细云散岩色,细迳度危筰。邑改井已泥,空余汉城郭。土瘠漫生茶,人稀时走玃。苔藓囹圄空。尘埃簿书合。县圃何萧条,半樱半零落。偃蹇大夫松,委蛇君子鹤。试登三友堂,借问何人作。皆云杨先生,好诗心淡泊。乘兴山水间,此君
瓦瓶侧畔设蒲龛,纵有推敲紧闭庵。何庾诸人俱谢去,只饶和靖作同参。
十载长安五往来,立谈无语口慵开。懒看龌龊随时士,谁是艰难济世才。韦布岂无堪将相,庙堂未易贱蒿莱。上书欲谒平间去,光范门前肯自媒。
故山霜落久,才子忆荆扉。旅舍寻人别,秋风逐雁归。梦愁枫叶尽,醉惜菊花稀。肯学求名者,经年未拂衣。
杜门终岁少过从,一室萧然百念空。纸上陈言皆妙用,胸中馀味有新功。搘筇饱看千山月,欹枕间听万竅风。粗饭浊醪能送日,苍颜白发任成翁。
向起风沙地,暂假乌榜还。浩然起远思,欲与鱼鸟闲。景目洗已清,咏句称且悭。时自秋空云,雨意浓淡间。